A collaborative effort of scientists from several oceanographic institutions aims to provide accurate measurements at this interface particularly for the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE). the sum of the evaporation of water from soil plus the transpiration from plants. Surface ocean, thermocline, and deep ocean. a body of rock and/or sediment that holds groundwater. For many years, current meters have been attached to moorings as described above, left for a time to collect data, and then retrieved. Dynamic Planet Meteorology Road Scholar Rocks and Minerals Solar System Physical Science & Chemistry Can't Judge a Powder Crave The Wave Crime Busters Sounds of Music Storm the Castle Technology & Engineering Bridge Flight Roller Coaster Wheeled Vehicle Inquiry & Nature of Science Codebusters Experimental Design Fast Facts Write It Do It Do ocean gyres have specific shapes to them? << /BitsPerComponent 8 /ColorSpace /DeviceRGB /ColorTransform 0 /Filter /DCTDecode /Height 600 /Subtype /Image /Type /XObject /Width 900 /Length 63000 >> Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger << /Type /XRef /Length 66 /Filter /FlateDecode /DecodeParms << /Columns 5 /Predictor 12 >> /W [ 1 3 1 ] /Index [ 133 26 ] /Info 145 0 R /Root 135 0 R /Size 159 /Prev 446956 /ID [<2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314><2d92f2a28170415fac90dfa552561314>] >> +Water always flows downhill perpendicular to the contour lines. E@ (M( ) 3V(E@G*Uqt(P!+U_j{UC2%9GYyOJ8v1Qe:B+*#8SVuim.tR4`7BBBK)sjl$pp*J'm~p+|)Hx+8@TQ 9|'ZJPH"v4: -#4yl&r35_TPyl%|zzOoT-OA$j&zr{Q{B 0b:cH7?a z@j0n*'HoOQT(P7#U`fW5[2 oGTgopb h%>[ 0 zFT'x*w@JBd)[y{~M 135 0 obj Acoustic systems also allow remote estimates of organism biomass, individual sizes, and numbers of animals present in the water column. endobj Sound signals sent from the moving ship bounce back to receivers aboard the ship for processing to give a vertical profile of horizontal water motion relative to the ship. High score wins. Operates: On a cable or line (free fall) or by hand without a messenger The official rules in the current Rules Manual take precedence. the breaking down of rocks, soils and minerals through contact with water, atmospheric gases, and/or biological organisms. Wind waves are one example of these waves. der Checkpoint Charlie. +caused by heavy rainfall, the average time between successive geologic events such as earthquakes, floods, landslides, etc. Dl _[\Bsd t:j9wfXz Hall, William C. Rose. High water position corresponding to a tidal crest, Low water position corresponding to a tidal trough. +dad aerates this layer every fall The ice itself is habitat for animals such as seals, Arctic foxes, polar bears, and penguins., Life thrives along the margins of sea ice, as melting and freezing enhance circulation and bring nutrients to the surface. Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations. Operates: In relatively shallow water on a cable or line triggered with a messenger Exchanges across the air-sea interface, including heat and fresh water, couple the ocean and atmosphere and are of major interest in studies of global climate. B. A cold air mass moving forward into an area occupied by relatively warm air is called a _____ front, Low pressure systems in the northern hemisphere rotate _______, redistribute heat from one area to another, When ice forms from seawater, the remaining seawater will have an _______ density. There are five of these boundary currents. What is the magnitude of the gravitational force on the meteor from the satellite at the closest approach? A natural source of water formed when water from an aquifer moves up to the ground surface. appendectomy\hspace{1cm} appendicitis. =number of years recorded / number of events, Zone in soil that is not saturated with water and that lies above the water table; the upper soil layers that hold both air and water It checks its sensors as it descends and reports their status to the ship. S;xMx /S the sorted material deposited by a stream, Are formed by the chemical and mechanical action of the wind, strong winds that pick up large quantities of dust, sediment deposited in a stream channel, along a stream bank, or on a floodplain, areas of land that have been eroded by water and are always U or V shaped, measure the stream channel shape, monitor the velocity and the water level, underground water that is held in the soil and in previous rocks, upper soil layers that hold both air and water, zone where all open spaces in sediment and rock are completely filled with water, the top of the saturated zone and is completely filled with water, the volume of open spaces in rock or soil, Ability of rock or soil to allow water to flow through it, caves, speleothems (stalactites and stalagmites), sinkholes, springs, a naturally formed underground chamber or series of chambers most commonly produced by solution activity in limestone, a large surface crater caused by the collapse of an underground channel or cavern; often triggered by groundwater withdrawal. -As the plates alternately jam and jump against each other, earthquakesrattle through awide boundary zone-Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offsetsplit into pieces and carried in opposite directions c.Types of Plates Continental Plate - Tectonic plates that lie under surface land masses - Thicker, less dense Equatorial currents are driven by the___? Currents meters, which may employ rotors, electric fields, acoustic/electromagnetic techniques, or acoustic Doppler profiling to track water motion, are often deployed on moorings. A. These are usually found along hillsides and cliffs. a wave in which water oscillates without causing progressive wave forward movement. -from factories Notes: Developed by Dr. W. Van Dorn, Samples: Water 138 0 obj of a reaction by lowering the activation energy, but it Thermohaline circulation is driven by_____? Teams will then be asked to answer questions, perform calculations, and otherwise solve the tasks they are given. The depth and strength of the _____________ varies from season to season and year to year, it is strongest in the tropics and decreases to nonexistence in the polar winter season. These waves are the first to form when the wind blows. 137 0 obj From https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/SeaIce: Sea ice also plays a fundamental role in polar ecosystems. also the Gulf Streams ties to the Bermuda High http://climate.ncsu.edu/edu/HighLow. a spring whose water flows from a crack in the cap rock over the aquifer. Ocean circulation changes impact the food chain, including animals that live in polar regions or visit polar regions if they migrate. An area where fresh water from streams and rivers spill into the ocean. the process of eroding or being eroded by wind, water, or other natural agents. Dams' affects: dynamic planet science olympiad 2021 quizlet Menu social listening brandwatch. surface salinity of seawater is ______ (above or below) average where precipitation is high and many rivers flow into the ocean, surface salinity of seawater is going to be ______(above or below) average in desert areas where evaporation rates are high, In polar areas during the winter, the salinity of water under the sea ice_________, as pure water cools from 20 degrees C to 4 degrees C, its densitiy, A zone with a rapid change in temperature with depth, true or false: water temperature from 300 meters deep to the ocean bottom is relatively uniform, When you pour cold water down the side of a glass of warm water, the cold water will, When you add salt to water, its boiling point_____ and its freezing point_____, when surface currents converge, the area where the water sinks is called a_____, type of current where waves strike the shore at a slight angle (runs roughly parallel to the shoreline), the swimmer would be carried out to sea, away from the shore. Continental Crust, continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, ocean floor, and oceanic crust. Salt in the ocean comes from rocks on land. They carry cold water towards the equator. These devices can also be used on moorings and on profilers. endstream =the Pacific Garbage Patch, =excessive agriculture If so, what determines any shape to gyres in the oceans? It depends on wind patterns in the atmosphere. A branch of science which studies the physical and biological properties of the oceans. Precise modern navigation allows ship motion to be subtracted from the data. In a more recent technique, an acoustic Doppler profiler measures currents while a ship is underway. Is related to changes in phase between liquids, gases, and solids. Eddies do not tend to form in these boundary currents. Waves with ___________ wavelengths move the fastest. (a) Determine the empirical formula of estradiol. The normal range of ocean _______ ranges between 33 to 37 g per liter (33 - 37) however, there are areas of high and low _______. the maximum size of the pieces of sediment that a given body of water, ice, wind, etc. bottom drag, slow moving trough, shallow water, bentcusp. what is the type of wind driven wave that is found in large bays or semi enclosed areas? The weight of the water overhead in the Mariana trench is over 8 tons per square inch. +A spring where groundwater seeps out at the surface. Trajectories of individual floats show how the water moves horizontally, and trajectories of groups of floats show how the water is mixed by eddies. Ship-wire-deployed and free-drifting water sampling and incubation instruments measure plant nutrient uptake, bacterial incorporation of dissolved organics, and plankton feeding rates. The subtraction of wave energy as waves meet producing smaller waves. $7 Jj(c~*%Kny Points are awarded for quality and accuracy of answers. A depression produced in a region where soluble rock has been removed by groundwater, A kind of sinkhole that forms when water dissolves the surface rock, creating a depression; they occur in areas where limestone is exposed at the surface or is covered by thin layers of soil or sand. A "no-tide" point in an ocean caused by basin resonances, friction, and other factors around which tide crests rotate. This creates sediment, Fragments of rocks or minerals ranging in size, Clasts that are less than 0.0039mm in size, Clasts that are 0.0039mm - 0.0625mm in size, Clasts that are greater than 2.0mm in size. Television cameras serve as "eyes" for the shipboard researchers, who receive television signals and control the vehicle via a fiber-optic cable. They provide data from both descent and ascent. The drainage pattern developed in this case is called _______ drainage. Why do you think the arrangement of neuron layers is sometimes described as backwards?. Specially designed water bottles enclose a sample, and then dispense chemical labels useful for a variety of measurements. Fe2+^{2+}2+ ion). A very early, simple satellite consisted of an inflated spherical aluminum balloon 30 m in diameter and of mass 20 kg. Patterns in which water drains: dendritic (dentrites), trellis (like in farming), rectangular (like those sand shaking things), and radial (run down the mountain). Underwater vehicle used in ocean exploration that is well constructed to withstand pressure. The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface. =micro plastic t6X>rF>5$mgRKnZ['>(i%KLF[i2P/KMmw-]"K6} 1\IVV }RMWGKo287V#|RS( =oil leaks What is a gyre? lines of equal elevation of groundwater elevation; indicate the elevation of the water table at that location (on a topo map) (see image), Are perpendicular to contour lines and show the direction in which water flows on a topo map. The Gulf Stream is an example of this type of boundary current. 39 0 obj Highly dependent on the depth of the water. 3 (POD), constant high temperatures, plenty of rain, continental tropical air, low precipitation, scarce vegetation, mild winters, cool summers, abundant precipitation. the movement of organic and inorganic particles by water, gravity, wind, ice, etc. They disrupt a waterway's ability to support vital ecosystems, have led to the extinction of many fish and other aquatic species, the disappearance of birds in floodplains, huge losses of forest, wetland and farmland, erosion of coastal deltas, and many other unmitigable impacts. =mining However, the connection between the atmosphere and ocean (atmospheric circulations and wind driving ocean surface currents) is one key thing (see explanation above). +precipitation . When ice freezes, the underlying water gets saltier and sinks, mixing the water column and bringing nutrients to the surface. der Reichstag. Is related to changes in temperature of a gas or object without changes in phases. Blended Finance. 37 0 obj der Potsdamer Platz. endobj Assuming that each motorcycle continues to travel toward the finish line at the given constant velocity above, which event will occur first? stream mature wind waves of one wavelength that form orderly undulations of the ocean surface. Notes: Is made of brass and will bend if used to sample a rocky bottom, Samples: Rocky bottoms The movement of cold water upward from the deep ocean that is caused by wind. FyQafhUi41Gd*+{ -#+># 18Q|`j/JP0ICUFQa~18E`"F H Those nutrients nourish phytoplankton and ultimately animals like killer whales that are farther up the food chain. Sediment sampling devices include a box corer that drops into the mud and brings back a block of near-surface sediment. When the water level in an area is rising, its called a _____, when the water level in an area is falling, its called a _____ tide. Multi-channel seismic profiling penetrates several kilometers into the seafloor and the reflected or refracted sound gives pictures of various layers as the speed and direction of the sound waves are altered by the density, elasticity, and flow properties of the material they pass through. the action or process of forming or depositing sediment. Dynamic Planet Electric Vehicle ** Experimental Design* Fast Facts * Flight Forestry Green Generation Meteorology * Mission Possible ** Road Scholar* Rocks & Minerals Roller Coaster Solar Power ** Solar System Sounds of Music* Storm the Castle Sunny Day Flooding ** Wheeled Vehicle Write It, Do It The pressure in this zone is extreme and at depths of 13,100 feet (4,000 meters), reaches over 5850 pounds per square inch. A kind of sinkhole that tends to develop gradually where the covering sediments are permeable and contain sand. Tide caused by gravitational and inertial interaction of the moon and Earth. The Science Olympiad consists of interscholastic competitions for students in grades 6th-12th. Surface currents are powered by the sun and ______________. Eddies can form. occurs when strong onshore winds push the water inland; flooding from storm surge along coastlines. +evaporation = 90% of water vapor =landfills, =burning of fossil fuels =industrial waste About 3.5% of the weight of seawater comes from the dissolved salts; in a cubic mile of seawater, the weight of the salt in the form of sodium chloride would be about 120,000,000 tons. Seawater becomes more and more dense as it becomes colder, right down to it's freezing point. Influencing other factors: Lots of great information on this channel!Tremor Tracker for iPadA model of Three FaultsInvestigating Plate Tectonics with Google EarthDiscovering Plate BoundariesPinterest Boardwith great Earth Science ideas from the National Event SupervisorResources for topics NOT in this years rules:Water Science USGSPhoto Glossary of Glacier TermsUMass Glacier Lecture SeriesThe Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resourcesProject OceanographyOceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science, Physical Address Operates: At any depth on a cable or line by free fall (no messenger needed) smaller streams and rivers that flow into a main river, river basins drained by a river and flowing into the same large body of water, a type of landform consisting of the outline of a path of relatively shallow and narrow body of fluid, the point where a river enters a lake or sea, channels in which the streams are actively cutting into solid rock, a river flows down a steep slope into a flat valley, a stream consisting of numerous intertwining channels, A river or small stream that curves back and forth across its valley, Rare; short; deepest part typically wanders back and forth. ;AQ*02zWU `oRFJst, In this event, students will use process skills to complete tasks related to Earths fresh waters. An ROV can explore, take photographs, collect samples, or handle instruments, operating around the clock for many consecutive days. Here is another useful resource: https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/physical-ocean/currents, https://www.noaa.gov/education/resource-collections/ocean-coasts-education-resources/ocean-currents. This type of tidal cycle is found commonly in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. ((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((((( F" G !1AQ"a2qBR#3br$4CS%&Ds 2 !1"2AQaq3B#R ? %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C In addition, receipt of satellite data useful for directing experiments at sea allows oceanographers to make efficient use of precious ship time. Topic for 2023 Tournament Season isEarths fresh waters. a condition in which untreated sewage is discharged from a sanitary sewer into the environment prior to reaching sewage treatment facilities. The ability of a rock, soil, or sediment to let fluids pass through its open spaces or pores. Type of pollution characterized by unwanted or potentially damaging sound. =acid rain stream endobj is not used up because it does not participate in the This event is typically run as either a station event or a sit down test. enables scientists to investigate the dynamic processes in the deep interior of Earth. Teams may also be asked to draw conclusions and predict likely future occurrences based on historic information. A mathematical equation stating that a volume of water, passing through a specified area of material at a given time, depends on the material's permeability and hydraulic gradient. Operates: At the surface by hand or at any depth visited by a scuba diver Is whale communication impacted by changes in ocean properties? (See image), the volume of open spaces in rock or soil; the percentage of the total volume of a rock or sediment that consists of open spaces. FRv8lcbNj#f?2_b #R#HUur$,mJ =ocean currents At least 15% of the ocean is covered by Sea ice some part of the year. a maritime tropical air mass is likely to be what? A breaking wave whose crest slides down the face of the wave. New Business Models. Ocean water freezes at a lower temperature than freshwater. Anchors are connected to holding lines with acoustic couplings that are released to recall the instruments. From the earth's perspective, the suns position in the sky moves higher each day from winter to summer and lower each day from summer to winter. Progessing groups of swell with the same origin and wave length are known as this. It's the pitch black bottom layer of the ocean, the name abyss comes from the Greek word meaning "no bottom" because they thought the ocean was bottomless. :tRqwZnD7%jI$|B|1GV,-#r b0q{fv+~$}-06vW,By~z5[!X q8RzTSyajQXVJp Zpw$c^m]#u|Run:pFjqfX>jYKvN+zCn)ksNqIC IR>>}2|%DianTRT a technique used to measure the discharge, or the volume of water moving through a channel per unit time, of a stream. there is no net transmission of energy in a standing wave, the regular rise and fall of the ocean's surface influenced by the moon's gravity pulling on earth. All submitted tests are subject to the Science Olympiad Student Center Site Rules and Policies. H95\Y}K$8@ ~jJ|@!B1Yv#SgitqY.u}K#(AF &*R0OjThC :pX9-; IYl4!jHQNsTRo%VrnLiK5a?67TNXJ\p'q qjfK56_2]8}dL3p`d8T(o5X:o;;)GdC@=e!/, -+?nj?tRcy{;t-S*4dNTjQOSNV%gjyfU? a stream system that resembles the pattern of a branching tree, a pattern in which the tributaries join the main stream at right angles. xc```b``f`a``eeb0$uAl+U)=7 -R``F1 Animals that live at the bottom of a body of water. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Which political party hosted the 1936 Olympics?, What city and country hosted the 1936 Olympics?, Who was the "hero" of the 1936 Olympics? Recently developed dual-frequency sidescan sonar can even be used to distinguish rock types. For researchers especially interested in the seawater-seafloor interface, a gravity corer can return cores up to 20 feet (six meters) long with little core-top disturbance. E sZZ/GntHZVpL+FpAE_c(^`dOj"P.LW%zc>9 a7%SjR nitrogen levels are____ in the surface waters of the ocean, oxygen levels are ___ in the surface waters of the ocean, oxygen concentrations are highest when found in____ _____, the apparent force acting on a body in motion, due to the rotation of the Earth, causing deflection to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and deflection to the left in the southern Hemisphere is called______. stream which flows during certain times of the year, with inputs from precipitation and groundwater. do the northern coasts of north america and siberia have small continental shelves? Receipt of data in "real time," that is, as it is being taken, enables researchers to monitor the performance of equipment in the field (and send a ship to service it, if necessary), to make decisions about an experiment underway, and to distribute data quickly. 133 0 obj Nearly friction free transfer of energy from molecule to molecule in a circular path. Flow generally occurs for a short time after extreme storms. Raleigh, NC 27695. Where is a semidesert most likely to be found? +the process by which Earth's crust breaks apart; can occur within continental crust or oceanic crust and more. The temperate regions are characterized by____? Check out, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sofar.html, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2020 Rules), 2020 Science Olympiad: Dynamic Planet NOAA, Dynamic Planet 2019 Coaches Clinic Presentation (2018 Rules), Dynamic Planet Great Climateand GlacierGraphsand Maps, Investigating Plate Tectonics with Google Earth, The Bridge An ocean of teacher approved marine education resources, Oceanography: An Invitation to Marine Science. 2 Juli, 2022 . Sidescan sonar offers profiles of rock outcroppings and sediment surfaces at ranges up to several kilometers. what is produced when a crustal plate moves over a stationary hot spot? =chemical fertilizers and pesticides NNw3v"wWQsdgJNqJ 4y $,>=kzGj0,Qa*rQag#? *GHQumI ( p:7+ iO)8A2I7 Z! physically deposited particles derived from weathered rocks, streams move sediments acquired from mass wasting, overland flow, and groundwater. Notes: Extremely heavy and can take a sample of the hardest rocky ocean bottoms (like granite and marble), Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) The Ekman spiral: Answer. From these measurements, accurate estimates of air-sea fluxes can be made. +temperature +is a key process within the water cycle _____ operates by emitting short acoustic pulses along a transmitter beam, the central transducer. An ________ is the surgical removal of the appendix.. << /Contents 139 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Parent 150 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /G3 146 0 R >> /Font << /F4 147 0 R /F5 148 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageB /ImageC /ImageI ] /XObject << /X6 138 0 R >> >> /StructParents 0 /Type /Page >> The rain that falls on the land contains some dissolved carbon dioxide from the surrounding air, this causes the rainwater to be slightly acidic due to carbonic acid (which forms from carbon dioxide and water) as rain erodes rock, acids in rain water break down rock, this process creates ions, or electrically charged atomic particals. Suppose a meteor having a mass of 7.0 kg passes within 3.0 m of the surface of the satellite. Near the equator, the tropics receive lots of rain constantly, which helps decrease the salinity of the surface water in that region. This change in the suns position from winter to summer means that more energy's reaching the ocean and therefore warms the water. The key answer is that the shape of the gyre is determined by whether the winds torque the water in a clockwise or in a counterclockwise direction. Correct the mistakes in the following students Continental shelf, submarine canyon, continental slope, continental rise, transform, abyssal plain, mid-oceanic ridge, guyot, trench, and seamount. The information below should not be interpreted as an extension of the rules. #n;v_D^BB$6xDPq+qB\BHVyiam^d(8*rMTE:R[*m{E*|*,71kO^ g jEN5{&;%ul=HhE>[*ZO>4NNNsg'zURG +This spring occurs in underground cave systems, which resemble underground highways or tubes endstream A single wave crest much higher than usual caused by constructive interference. 136 0 obj Oceanography Science Olympiad Dynamic Planet Oceanography 2021 STUDY Flashcards Learn Write Spell Test PLAY Match Gravity Surface Currents Click card to see definition These transfer heat from tropical to polar regions, distribute nutrients, scatter organisms and influence weather and climate. A wave that surges ashore without breaking. Notes: Any type of bottle can be used to capture surface water, Samples: Bottom sediments (mud or sand) Affected by: (b) The molecular weight of estradiol was later determined to be 272. %PDF-1.5 slows the movement of water and increases evaporation from reservoirs; may hold water back, store water, control flooding, and generate electricity. Some rocks are fractured in a rectangular fashion and streams develop on the fractures. What is the strongest influence upon tides? %# , #&')*)-0-(0%()( C More precise sampling may be accomplished using a submersible with robotic arms or a remotely operated vehicle equipped with television so that the area where the rock was found can be described in detail. In general this means that the boundary between the subtropical and subpolar gyres lies along the maximum of the westerly wind jet. These tides occur when the earth, moon and sun are in a straight line. Which direction do gyres flow in the Southern hemisphere? ubsurface moorings are also used to suspend settling plates above the deep-sea floor to collect larval forms of benthic animals. Operates: At any depth on a cable or line with a messenger Some images used in this set are licensed under the Creative Commons through Flickr.com.Click to see the original works with their full license. Is a velocity measurement technique that allows for the measurement of 3D flow velocities by using the Doppler shift principle. Sensors being designed or upgraded for use either on research vessels or buoys include those to measure surface temperature, air temperature, wind speed and direction, barometric pressure, solar and long- wave radiation, humidity, and precipitation.

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